Pet-Friendly Pest Control for Your Summer Garden

Our houseplants might as well be on the list of things millennials and Zoomers treat as if they are our children (plus, the upkeep cost is arguably lower). For many of us, our collection of beloved plants also extends to our outdoor gardens. Considering the majority of us have to budget for a carton of eggs at the grocery store these days, it’s probably worth growing what we can for ourselves. Plus, there’s something about a summer garden that just makes these months that much better. If you’ve ever grown your own heirloom tomatoes, you get it.

Any gardener’s first instinct would be to reach for the pesticides at their local garden center, but hold that thought — a lot of pesticides can not only harm pets, but also the native wildlife. As you’ve probably come to realize by now, some pests actually do belong in your garden. To quote Mufasa: “Everything you see exists together in a delicate balance.” 

Are Pesticides Bad for Pets?

If you spray your garden down with pesticides and your pets spend time in your yard, then they could be at risk of breathing in, ingesting, or absorbing the produce through their skin. One study linked a higher risk of canine malignant lymphoma to lawns treated with pesticides. Another revealed that pyrethroids, a chemical used in many insecticides, can trigger seizures and even death. 

Pesticides, including the organic kind, may also kill unintended targets, like the wildlife that live in your garden and help keep the local ecosystem in balance. Even the creatures that we think of as problematic pests — like aphids and other “sap-suckers,” snails, slugs, rodents, and hungry birds — play a role in maintaining a healthy environment. 

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“When we lose biodiversity within ecosystems, we lose the army of helpers that aid us in our gardens,” explains Elizabeth Waddington, a writer, permaculture designer, and sustainability consultant. “We do not garden alone. From the pollinators that let fruits form, to the birds picking off pests, to the worms toiling below the soil — we need them all. Without them, and all the hidden helpers we never see, we simply cannot grow successfully.”

“The life below the ground is just as important as that above. It is important to remember that soil is far more than just ‘dirt,’” she adds. That being said, what you do plant in your garden also matters, and there are a variety of ways that you can contribute to the local ecosystem’s wellbeing through what you plant. This includes forest gardens, companion planting, rain gardens, ponds, reed beds, and incorporating native, pollinator-friendly plants. (Unfortunately, those pristine, green lawns that populate the suburbs are actually really bad for the planet.) Thankfully, many natural pest-control methods that will help you strike the balance between growing a bountiful garden and protecting it from unwanted garden-munchers.

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Natural, Pet-Friendly Pest Control Methods for Your Garden

Think Like a Gardener

Before using any of the methods below, first, you should look into the natural gardening methods, which have been used for centuries, that you can use to protect your garden from pests. These include:

• Plant crops that attract predatory insects that eat pests, such as dill, cilantro, fava beans, and white clover

• Plant trap crops, such as sunflowers, to keep pests off other plants

• Rotate key crop families in your annual vegetable garden

• Use companion planting to make vegetables harder for pests to find (planting carrots with onions, for example.)

“The key thing is not to eradicate pests entirely, but to manage your garden in such a way that the numbers of these pests are kept in control,” Waddington says. “Pest control in an organic garden means working with nature rather than fighting it. Remember, you need some pests to attract the things that eat them.” If pests are still a problem, then it might be time to introduce some pet-safe methods.

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Neem Oil

Neem oil comes from the seeds in the fruit of a shade tree called the Azadirachta indica, aka the neem tree. Its use as a medicinal herb in the Indian subcontinent goes back thousands of years. It’s also good for oral health, which explains why it’s in so many natural toothpastes.) Organic gardeners swear by its use as an insecticide that helps repel mites, aphids, mealybugs, scale, whiteflies, and about 200 other plant-destroying insects. And, it doesn’t stick around in the soil: microbes break down azadirachtin, the compound in neem oil that helps control infestation, in between three to 44 days.

Thankfully, neem oil is safe to use around pets, birds, fish, bees, and other insects. To make a DIY spray, combine one quart of water, one teaspoon of neem oil, and a quarter of a teaspoon of castile soap. You should test a small patch of whatever plants you’re spraying and wait 24 hours, then check if the leaves have any damage. If there’s no damage, you’re good to go.

How to use it: When you have small, soft-bodied bugs like aphids and mites, shake the bottle to combine the ingredients, then spray down the top and bottom of your plants. Repeat as needed every seven days. Or, spray it down every 14 days as a preventative method. Do not use it on days where the temperature is high.

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Diatomaceous Earth

If you’ve ever been a pet parent with a cockroach problem, then you should know Diatomaceous Earth (DE). This pest-fighting, powdery white substance is essentially made from fossilized plankton. It wards off insects by sucking the oil out of their exoskeleton — this includes roaches, fleas, fungus gnats, and mites — and helps keep slugs and snails at bay. It won’t harm the soil or water, so rest your conscience. It’s also safe for humans and pets, as long as you get the “food grade” DE. It’s important to use it correctly; DE can irritate your and your pets’ lungs if it gets into them. 

How to use it: To use DE, sprinkle it on the ground around your plants where you tend to find the offending bugs at night. You can also dust your plants, but this method can harm bees and other beneficial insects. To prevent that, cover your dusted garden with burlap for a day, then remove the cloth and rinse the plants down. 

Castile Soap

This multi-purpose soap is usually made from olive oil, though some modern store-bought varieties might also include coconut oil. Castile soap has a ton of DIY household uses that can help you replace store-bought products, such as all-purpose cleaners, body wash, and as a gentle insecticide. It’s effective against aphids, mealybugs, spider mites, whiteflies, and other insects while not being harmful to pets, ladybugs, butterflies, and wild birds. 

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How to use it: To make a castile soap spray for insects, mix one tablespoon of soap into a quart of warm distilled water. Pour the liquid into a spray bottle. Before using it in your garden, test it on a patch of each plant and wait a day to ensure that it does no harm. If your plant seems okay, then mist the mixture over your entire garden. 

In Conclusion

If you have the space and capacity for it, growing your own food partially reduces your reliance on produce that’s been shipped from potentially thousands of miles away. In fact, a recent study published in the journal Nature Food revealed that these “food miles” account for six percent of the world’s greenhouse gas emissions. (As if we needed more bad news about everyday things that are contributing to our planet’s overheating.) 

Don’t have much space? Don’t worry — garden size doesn’t matter, but what you do with it does. According to a recent study published in the Journal of Applied Ecology, small urban gardens with native pollinator-friendly plants are just as important as the big ones when it comes to helping wildlife. Moving on to more positive things, local produce also tastes better because you’re more likely to experience it at peak ripeness. Your pup will appreciate you sharing your harvest, too.